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REVOLUTIONARY SITES
Several buildings reflect the city's
revolutionary history. ln a two--storeyed building
at 76 Xingye Lu, the Communist Party of China
was founded in 1921; it is proudly shown to
visitors as the site of the First National Congress
of the Communist Party of China. The former
residence of the late premier Zhou Enlai is
situated at 73 Sinan Lu.
FORMER HOME OF SUN ZHONGSHAN (SUN ZHONGSHAN
GU JU)
This house was owned and lived in
by Sun Zhongshan and his wife Song Qing Ling
from 1918 to 1924. After Sun's death in 1925,
Song Qing Ling continued to stay there periodically
until the Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937.
The house has been decorated with period furnishings,
photographs of former occupants and some original
household items. The library contains a variety
of titles read by Dr Sun such as books on the
US constitution and the multinational Habsburg
Empire. It is located at 7 Xiang Shan Lu (a
cul de sac) at the intersection of Sinan Lu
and Xiang Shan Lu near Fuxing Park. In treaty
port days the address was 29 Moliere Road.
FORMER HOME OF SONG QING LING (SONG QING LING
GU JU)
When the Sino Japanese War ended
in 1945, the Guomindang government gave Song
Qing Ling this house to live in. After 1949
the Communist government allowed her to keep
it until her death in 1981. Sitting on Huai
Hai Zhong Lu, the house is surrounded by a garden
estate. The two-storey house is decorated with
original furnishings and gifts she received
from foreign heads of state during the time
she was the honorary President of the People's
Republic of China. The automobile from Stalin
is parked in the garage.
A museum is located next to the
house and contains English correspondence Song
Qing Ling exchanged with world leaders during
the period before 1949, a time when she was
campaigning for a third way political compromise
between the two extremes of the Guomindang on
the right and the Communists on the left.
FORMER HOME OF CHIANG KAI
SHEK JIANG JIE SHI GU JU)
JiangJie Shi's former Shanghai residence
is located at 9 Dong Ping Lu, and is part of
the former Song family walled compound which
included a home for each of the members of this
most influential and wealthy family of pre-
1949 China. Jiang's house is part of the Shanghai
Conservatory of Music. The home of his brother-in-law,
T.V. Song (Song Zi Wen), is nearby on the corner
of Hengshan Lu and Dongping Lu. Jiang began
staying at this house during his short visits
to Shanghai from the Guomindang capital in Nanjing
after he married T.V. Song's sister, Song Mei
Ling, in 1927. T.V. Song's house has become
the fashionable Sasha's Restaurant.
LU XUN MUSEUM (LU XUN BOWUGUAN)
This museum is dedicated to China's
great revolutionary writer, Lu Xun (1881-1936)
who spent the last ten years of his life in
Shanghai. It is located in the Honkou district
inside Lu Xun Park.Lu is buried in Hongkou Park.
He lived in a three--storeyed house at 9 Dalu
New Village, Shanyin Lu, from 1933 until his
death.
MARTYRS' CEMETERY (LONGHUA
LEISHI LINGYUAN)
Also known as Martyrs Cemetery,
this site is located on Longhua Lu next to Longhua
Si. The museum is dedicated to the Chinese Revolution.
In addition to Communist Party members, the
museum now honours some Qing-dynasty and Guomindang
individuals as national heroes who resisted
foreign invasions. Outside the museum are rows
of graves of Communist martyrs.
In another corner of the park are the buildings
of the l927 Guomindang headquarters used at
the end of the Northern Expedition from Guangzhou.
Later it became a detention camp for opponents
of the Guomindang regime. This is where the
famous five Chinese writers were executed in
1931.
GREEN BELTS
The site where the Communist Party
was founded in July 192 at 76 Xingye Lu is now
part of a large new development project known
as Xintiandi. This project aimed to preserve
and restore old Shikumen houses (old Guomindang-era
Stone Gate houses) but in reality it has become
a shopping centre built in Shikumen style.
Across Huangpi Nan Lu from Xintiandi,
Shikumen were destroyed on New Year's Day 2001
in order to make room for a huge new park, Taiping
Qiao, which will include a man-made lake. The
area affected covers about six square city blocks
between Huangpi Nan Lu, Zizhong Lu and Dongtai
Lu and was formerly bisected by Shunchang Lu,
Xingye Lu, Jinan Lu and Zhaozhou Lu. More than
3,800 homes were lost as a result of the destruction
of this historic residential neighborhood. Gone
now are the chamber pots, communal cooking and
washing areas, courtyard games of chess (wei
qi), the click-clack sound of the Mahjong dice
and the music of Heng Lou Meng drifting from
windows.
The development of the green belts
has raised the issue of historical preservation.
The green belt on Huangpi Nan Lu also threatened
the hundred-year-old stone house built by the
family of world famous architect I.M. Pei. Although
distant relatives of his had continued to occupy
the house and the architect had written personal
appeals to national leaders, this building,
IM Pei House, was due for demolition in 2001.
• Shanghai
• River Rites
• What
to See in Shanghai (1)
• What
to See in Shanghai (2)
• Shanghai's
History Through Its Names
• Cool Depths
• Revolutionary Sites
• Excursions
from Shanghai